Diagramme de dispersion en Python et matplotlib

Question

J'ai un nuage de points en python sur lequel je veux tracer une ligne de tendance. Des différents exemples que j'ai trouvé autour de l'Internet pour apprendre comment dessiner la ligne de tendance mon code est le suivant:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 
import numpy as np 

x=np.array([9.80,13.20,13.46,14.09,13.96,10.77,8.79,8.61,8.83,11.08,10.13,12.40,9.90,10.96,12.75,11.79,11.79,12.38,12.78,13.08,12.83,12.57,12.96,12.90,12.91,13.67,12.83,12.50,12.42,12.83,12.82,12.70,12.60,12.90,13.20]) 
y=np.array([0.0706,0.0969,0.0997,0.1031,0.0848,0.1044,0.0815,0.1030,0.0783,0.0970,0.1193,0.0796,0.0697,0.0738,0.0895,0.0912,0.0887,0.0973,0.0942,0.1052,0.0984,0.0965,0.0903,0.0876,0.1071,0.0872,0.0857,0.0967,0.0926,0.0837,0.0967,0.0935,0.0946,0.0930,0.0758 
]) 

plt.scatter(x, y) 
fit = np.polyfit(x, y, deg=4) 
p = np.poly1d(fit) 
plt.plot(x,p(x),"r--") 
plt.show() 

Mais la ligne de résultat au lieu d'être une ligne courbe est juste un mélange de lignes. Quelqu'un peut-il s'il vous plaît expliquer mon erreur?

Answer 1

Je pense que c'est parce que les valeurs x ne sont pas triées. Regardez ce code:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt 
import numpy as np 

x=np.array([9.80,13.20,13.46,14.09,13.96,10.77,8.79,8.61,8.83,11.08,10.13,12.40,9.90,10.96,12.75,11.79,11.79,12.38,12.78, 
      13.08,12.83,12.57,12.96,12.90,12.91,13.67,12.83,12.50,12.42,12.83,12.82,12.70,12.60,12.90,13.20]) 

y=np.array([0.0706,0.0969,0.0997,0.1031,0.0848,0.1044,0.0815,0.1030,0.0783,0.0970,0.1193,0.0796,0.0697,0.0738, 
      0.0895,0.0912,0.0887,0.0973,0.0942,0.1052,0.0984,0.0965,0.0903,0.0876,0.1071,0.0872,0.0857,0.0967,0.0926,0.0837,0.0967,0.0935,0.0946,0.0930,0.0758 ]) 

# Here I sort x values and their corresponding y values 
args = np.argsort(x) 
x = x[args] 
y = y[args] 

plt.scatter(x, y) 
fit = np.polyfit(x, y, deg=4) 
p = np.poly1d(fit) 
plt.plot(x,p(x),"r--") 
plt.show() 

Résultat:

Answer 2

Cela va faire:

plt.scatter(x,y) 
x = sorted(x) 
plt.plot(x,p(x),"r--") 

L'astuce consiste à trier x valeurs avant de tracer la ligne sur leur.